{"id":16085,"date":"2019-01-25T11:45:40","date_gmt":"2019-01-25T08:15:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/roshd.com\/a-demand-for-guiding-the-nation\/"},"modified":"2025-04-19T15:08:34","modified_gmt":"2025-04-19T11:38:34","slug":"a-demand-for-guiding-the-nation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/roshd.com\/en\/a-demand-for-guiding-the-nation\/","title":{"rendered":"A Demand for Guiding the Nation"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Examining the history of Islam gives us a clear vision of the position of Lady Fatimah al-Zahra\u00a0(PBUH)\u00a0with regards to the political situations after the demise of the Messenger of Allah\u00a0(PBUH&HP).<\/p>

Among the reactions of the daughter of the Messenger of Allah\u00a0(PBUH&HP)\u00a0towards the incidents at that period of time, her\u00a0complaint\u00a0against the government for the usurpation of the\u00a0Land of Fadak[1]<\/a> and her objections to it are of specific importance.<\/p>

A question might arise that:\u201d Did Lady Fatimah\u00a0(PBUH)\u00a0rise and show her intense opposition because the products and benefits of Fadak was taken away from her?\u201d In other words,\u201d Should we consider the incident of Fadak a\u00a0personal dispute?\u201d<\/p>

To answer this question, it is sufficient to refer to the sermon Lady Fatimah\u00a0(PBUH)\u00a0delivered in the Mosque of the Prophet\u00a0(PBUH&HP)\u00a0before the Caliph and in the presence of a huge crowd of the companions as her most clear sign of objection.<\/p>

Lady Fatimah\u00a0(PBUH)\u00a0started her sermon with praising Allah\u00a0(SWT), and after testifying to the oneness of Allah\u00a0(SWT)\u00a0and the Prophethood of the Messenger of Allah\u00a0(PBUH&HP), and mentioning the greatness of the Holy Quran and the rulings of religion, she described her relation to the Messenger of Allah\u00a0(PBUH&HP).<\/p>

She went on by explaining the role of Imam Ali\u00a0(PBUH)\u00a0in the mission of the Messenger of Allah\u00a0(PBUH&HP)\u00a0and how he protected the religion. She introduced the brother of the Messenger of Allah\u00a0(PBUH)\u00a0as the agent by whom Allah\u00a0(SWT)\u00a0extinguished the fire of animosity of the Pagans against Islam in the wars. Then, to make a comparison, she added,<\/p>

\u201c\u2026This happened while you were resting in peace in the midst of all those dangers!\u201d[2]<\/a><\/p>

What an amazing\u00a0contrast\u00a0Lady Fatimah\u00a0(PBUH)\u00a0has made here. She has compared the\u00a0greatest\u00a0example of courage and bravery in the history of Islam with people who stood back in the battlefields as opposed to doing sacrifice in the way of Allah\u00a0(SWT), and even ran away from fighting in some instances; such an act that is clearly condemned and forbidden according to the verses of the Holy Quran[3]<\/a>.<\/p>

In another part of her sermon where she asks for her property to be given back, she responds to the claim of Abu Bakr that the Prophets do not leave anything as inheritance behind by referring to the book of Allah\u00a0(SWT):<\/p>

\u201cIs it in the Book of Allah that you inherit your father and I do not inherit mine? You have come up with a strange accusation. Do you intentionally\u00a0abandon\u00a0the Book of Allah and cast it behind your back? Does not the Book of Allah say that:\u201d\u00a0And Sulayman (Solomon) inherited Dawood (David)[4]<\/a>\u201d? And when it narrates the story Yahya (John) son of Zakariya (Zechariah) says:\u201d\u00a0So give me a child who will inherit me and the family of Ya\u2019qoob (Jacob)[5]<\/a>\u201d?\u2026 Did Allah\u00a0(SWT)\u00a0reveal a verse regarding you from which He excluded my father? \u2026Is it that you have\u00a0more knowledge\u00a0about the specifi\u00adcations and generalizations of the Quran than my father and my cousin?[6]<\/a>\u201d<\/p>

It is evident that in this part of the sermon, Lady Fatimah\u00a0(PBUH)\u00a0explained how the act of the Caliph was against the Holy Quran, and that it had no basis in the Divine words. In fact, Lady Fatimah\u00a0(PBUH)\u00a0put those who claimed to be the successors of the Messenger of Allah\u00a0(PBUH&HP)\u00a0in a great challenge, which was\u00a0unawareness of the book of Allah\u00a0(SWT); this challenge on its own disclosed their unworthiness for being the successor of the Messenger of Allah\u00a0(PBUH&HP).<\/p>

Therefore, this argument was indeed much broader than just a personal dispute for the daughter of the Messenger of Allah\u00a0(PBUH). This sermon describes a firm intention of this Lady to bring back those who had returned to their ignorance to the path of Islam.<\/p>

By asking for Fadak, Lady Fatimah\u00a0(PBUH)\u00a0sent an eternal, important message to all the followers of the Holy Quran throughout the entire history; a message that expressed the deviation of the Islamic nation from the straight path and the misplacement of the\u00a0leadership of the nation. This message was even observed and referred to by eminent Suuni scholars centuries later. Ibn Abil Hadid Mu\u2019tazili, the Sunni scholar and poet, says in his book:<\/p>

I asked the teacher of the west Baghdad school[7]<\/a>:\u201d Did Fatimah not say the truth?\u201d<\/p>

He said,\u201d She did\u201d.<\/p>

I asked,\u201d If so, then why did the Caliph not return Fadak to her?\u201d<\/p>

The teacher smiled and said,\u201d If he had returned Fadak to her that day, she would have claimed Caliphate for her husband. Then the Caliph could not reject her saying, because he had acknowledged that whatever the daughter of the Messenger of Allah\u00a0(PBUH)\u00a0said was the truth\u201d\u00a0[8]<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>

\u00a0(The above is a selection taken from \u201cFadak in History\u201d, by Ayatullah Sayyid Muhammad Baqir Sadr, translated by Mahmoud Aabedi, with some additions)<\/strong><\/p>

Islamic \u2013 Shia Website: Roshd<\/a><\/p>

Footnotes:<\/strong><\/p>

[1]<\/a> Fadak was a prosperous village near Medina, originally a Jewish land. After Islam became dominant, Allah\u00a0(SWT)\u00a0cast fear in the hearts of the Jews; so in order to escape from fear, the Jews signed a peace treaty with Prophet Muhammad\u00a0(PBUH&HP)\u00a0regarding Fadak. Since Fadak was not conquered with military might, it became the personal property of the Prophet\u00a0(PBUH&HP)\u00a0according to the Holy Quran. After a while, the Prophet\u00a0(PBUH&HP)\u00a0offered it as a gift to his beloved daughter, Lady Fatimah (PBUH). Fadak was owned by Lady Fatimah\u00a0(PBUH)\u00a0until the demise of the Prophet\u00a0(PBUH&HP)\u00a0when the first Caliph usurped it from Lady Fatimah\u00a0(PBUH). The huge incomes of Fadak were one of the main sources of the budget during his rulership.<\/p>

[2]<\/a> An excerpt from the Sermon of Fadakyiah<\/p>

Sources: Bihar al-Anwar, vol. 29, pp. 224-225; Ihtijaaj, vol. 1, p. 101\u2026<\/p>

The sermon has also been narrated in Sunni references such as Balaaghat al-Nisa, vol. 1, pp. 16-22; Al-Saqifah and Fadak, pp. 137-144 with some differences.<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

[3]<\/a> In verse 15 of Chapter 8 of the Holy Quran, Allah\u00a0(SWT)\u00a0addresses the believers by saying,\u201d\u00a0O you who believe! When you meet those who disbelieve in a battlefield, then do not turn your backs to them (and do not run away)\u201d.\u00a0Then He continues by saying,\u201d\u00a0And whoever shall turn his back to them (the disbelievers) on that day, unless he turn aside for the sake of fighting or withdraws to join a group (of fighters), then he, indeed, becomes deserving of Allah\u2019s wrath, and his abode is hell; and an evil destination shall it be\u201d.<\/p>

It is clear that Allah\u00a0(SWT)\u00a0considers running away from the battlefield as a great sin; however, unfortunately some of the Muslims ran away from the vital battles of the beginning years of Islam which had extra importance in protecting the existence of Islam. According to the historical texts, some of the great companions including the first three Caliphs were among those who ran away from battlefields.<\/p>

For example, in the battle of Uhud when the disbelievers attacked the Muslims, despite the explicit statement of the Holy Quran in which the Messenger of Allah\u00a0(SWT)\u00a0ordered the Muslims to stand firm (Chapter 2, verse 153), a large number of Muslims left the battlefield, turned their backs to the enemy, and climbed the mountain of Uhud.<\/p>

In this regard, some of the Sunni historians and narrators have quoted Ayisha that whenever the first Caliph remembered the battle of Uhud, he regretted having left the Messenger of Allah\u00a0(PBUH&HP)\u00a0alone (Mustadrak of Hakim, vol. 3, p. 298; Tabaqaat of Ibn Sa\u2019ad, vol. 3, p. 163; Al-Bidayah Wa Al-Nahayah, vol. 4, p. 33; Musnad Abi Dawood al-Tayalasi, vol. 1, p. 8). Even the second Caliph, according to what has been narrated in Tafsir Tabari (vol. 7, p. 327), Al-Dur Al-Manthur (vol. 2, p. 355), Kanz al-Ummaal (vol. 2, p. 376) clearly confessed that he had left the Messenger of Allah\u00a0(SWT)\u00a0in that difficult situation and ran away.\u00a0<\/p>

[4]<\/a> \u201cAnd David\u2019s heir Solomon\u2026\u201d (The Holy Quran (27, 16)(<\/p>

[5]<\/a> \u201c\u2026Then grant me a guardian from Yourself\/who will inherit from me and from the family of Jacob\u2026\u201d(19, 5 & 6)<\/p>

[6]<\/a> Another excerpt from Sermon of Fadakyiah of Lady Fatimah\u00a0(PBUH).<\/p>

[7]<\/a> The author refers to Abul Hassan Ali ibn Ali Al-Faariqi Al-Shaafei, one of the great Sunni jurists and scholars who used to teach at the military and west Baghdad schools.<\/p>

[8]<\/a> I asked Ali bin Al-Farqi, the teacher of the Western School in Baghdad, and I said to him, \u201cWas Fatima honest?\u201d He said, \u201cYes.\u201d I said, \u201cWhy did Abu Bakr not give Fadak to her while she was honest with him?\u201d He smiled and then said nice words that were acceptable, given his law, his sanctity, and his lack of humor. He said, \u201cIf he had given her Fadak today, as soon as she called, she would have come to him tomorrow.\u201d She claimed the caliphate for her husband and moved him from his position, but he could not apologize and agree to anything because he had recorded on himself that she was truthful in her claim, whatever it was, without the need for proof or witnesses, and this is true talk, even if it was narrated in jest. And the joke.
Commentary of Nahj al-Balaghah by Ibn Abil Hadid, vol. 16, p. 284<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lady Fatimah al-Zahra\u2019s (PBUH) protest over Fadak was not a personal dispute\u2014it was a stand against political deviation. Her sermon challenged the legitimacy of the post-Prophetic leadership, using strong Qur’anic evidence to expose injustice. By demanding Fadak, she revealed the corruption undermining divine succession and the misplacement of true Islamic authority.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":36207,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[63897],"tags":[23423],"class_list":["post-16085","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lady-fatimah-al-zahra-pbuh","tag-greatest"],"yoast_head":"\nA Demand for Guiding the Nation - Roshd<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/roshd.com\/en\/a-demand-for-guiding-the-nation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A Demand for Guiding the Nation - Roshd\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Lady Fatimah al-Zahra\u2019s (PBUH) protest over Fadak was not a personal dispute\u2014it was a stand against political deviation. 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Her sermon challenged the legitimacy of the post-Prophetic leadership, using strong Qur'anic evidence to expose injustice. 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